Major source of starch and energy, wheat also provides substantial amounts of a number of components which are essential or beneficial for health, notably protein, vitamins (notably B vitamins), dietary fiber, and phytochemicals.

A 3.5 ounce serving of unenriched whole wheat flour contains:

• 15 grams of protein
• 10.6 grams of dietary fiber
• 71.2 grams of carbohydrates
• 38 milligrams of calcium
• 136 milligrams of magnesium
• 352 milligrams of phosphorus
• 376 milligrams of potassium
• 39 micrograms of folate
• 5.5 milligrams of niacin
• 0.5 milligrams of thiamin