Tomato seeds are tiny, nutrient-packed kernels (from Solanum lycopersicum) containing an embryo, endosperm, and protective coat, crucial for growing flavorful, vitamin-rich fruits; they require warmth, sun, well-drained soil for germination, and vary by type (determinate, indeterminate, hybrid), offering strong flavors and disease resistance in good varieties, yielding plants for fresh eating or sauces.