Buckwheat is a fast-growing, annual, flowering plant with heart-shaped leaves, reddish stems, and white to pink flowers. The plant can grow to be 0.6–1.3 m tall. The flowers grow in terminal clusters and are pollinated by bees and other insects. The seeds are triangular-shaped and have a tough, dark brown or gray rind.

Buckwheat is used to treat diabetes, heart disease, high cholesterol, and varicose veins, but there isn't good scientific evidence to support these uses. Buckwheat contains heart-healthy compounds like magnesium, copper, fiber, rutin, and certain proteins. It also contains fiber, which is good for colon health. However, buckwheat may cause allergic reactions in some people, especially those who eat it often and in large amounts.